TYPES OF PACKAGING

There are a huge number of goods in our world, which will take several days to list. The industry offers various packaging materials that ensure ease of transportation, protection, ease of selection, and the use of the products sold for each group. To determine the correct choice of them, you need to know what types of packaging exist, by what criteria they differ, and their features. This article will help to understand this, briefly listing the main signs by which packaging materials and containers are classified.

BASIC CLASSIFICATION OF PACKAGING MATERIALS

Modern packaging differs in many ways, suggesting three categories of features:

1. Kind: A classification unit that defines a configuration. For example, packaging can be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, and conical.
2. Type: A classification parameter indicating the material. For example, cardboard, polymer, glass, ceramics, metal, wood, paper, textiles, ceramics, etc.
3. Basic or auxiliary means. In the first case, these are mainly different containers: boxes, bottles, cans, or, for example, a wrapper for certain products. In the second – lids, labels, glue, inserts, seals, adhesive tape, rope, etc.

Along with this, the classification of packaging is made according to other criteria. Let’s dwell on the main ones in more detail.

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Packing place

• Production: bags, barrels, trays, pallets, etc. Provided by the manufacturer for sending large quantities to the customer.
• Trade: foil, bags, paper, etc. Delivered to the end consumer when the seller packs the goods.

Appointment

• Transport: boxes, containers, tanks, etc. Reusable, returnable. It is used for warehousing, storage and transportation of large consignments of goods by a specific type of transport.
• Workshop: trays, cans, bag, etc. Reusable. Designed to move raw materials or products from one workshop to another within the production.
• Consumer: boxes, packages, cans, etc. Provides packaging in small quantities or bulk (portions) for retail sales. After purchase, it becomes the property of the consumer along with the product. Sometimes it is returnable, such as glass jars or bottles. The manufacturer implements the incentive to return through the collateral value.

Product attitude

• Inner: wrappers, bags, tubes, cans, box. Fully included in the price of the goods.
• Outside: boxes, containers, barrels, bags. Partially included in the price of the product. It is used for transportation from the manufacturer to the distribution network.

Specialization

• Universal: foil, scotch tape, wood, cardboard. Used for various products.
• Special: applies to specific products, products of a particular company. Differs in the original design, corporate logo, and certain properties. For example, a glass bottle or a plastic bottle with a dispenser.

Mechanical strength

• Soft: bags, packages, paper, twine, ropes.
• Semi-rigid: pre-packs, boxes, tetra packs.
• Hard: cans, barrels, boxes, bottles, tanks.

Design

• Box: characterized by the correct configuration. It can be with mesh walls with a conical lid.
• Frame: has a rigid base on which stands with horizontal jumpers are mounted.
• The film, tape: elastic material provides good preservation, if necessary, tightness.
• Dismountable: easily unfolds for storage and transportation. If necessary, it is quickly assembled without loss of strength and other performance properties.
• Bottles, cans: good for liquid or bulk products.
• Pallets: sturdy wooden trays are designed to organize the supply of large quantities of goods.

Multiplicity of use

• Reusable: glass or plastic bottles, jars, boxes. The performance properties do not deteriorate with repeated use.
• Disposable: bags, cardboard boxes, tubes. Most consumers packaging is recycled after a single-use.
• Returnable: pallets, containers, cans. Reusable packaging is returned to the manufacturer under a commercial agreement.

Application

• Food: jars, cans, bag. Manufactured with special sanitary and technical requirements for quality and safety.
• Technical (non-food): garbage bags, pallets, containers, cans. Designed for packaging non-food products: building materials, fertilizers, technical liquids.